![]() This has a 7.2 kV phase-to-neutral voltage, exactly 30 times the 240 V on the split-phase secondary side. For example, in the United States, the most common voltage is 12.47 kV, which has a line-to-ground voltage of 7.2 kV. (When there is only one phase wire, a neutral will always be provided as a return path.) Primaries provide power at the standard distribution voltages used in the area these range from as low as 2.3 kV to about 35 kV depending on local distribution practice and standards often 11 kV (50 Hz systems) and 13.8 kV (60 Hz systems) are used, but many other voltages are common. In the North American system, where single-phase transformers connect to only one phase wire, smaller 'lateral' lines branching off on side roads may include only one or two 'hot' phase wires. Main distribution lines always have three 'hot' wires plus an optional neutral. The primary distribution wires use the three-phase system. Phase-to-phase transformer in Britain Primary line on the right toward the front and secondary lines in the back of this single-phase transformerīoth pole-mounted and pad-mounted transformers convert the high 'primary' voltage of the overhead or underground distribution lines to the lower 'secondary' or 'utilization' voltage inside the building. ![]() ![]() ĭistribution transformers are also found in the power collection networks of wind farms, where they step up power from each wind turbine to connect to a substation that may be several miles (kilometres) distant. These buildings have customer-owned transformers in the basement for step-down purposes. Many large buildings have electric service provided at primary distribution voltage. In urban areas and neighborhoods where the primary distribution lines run underground, padmount transformers, transformers in locked metal enclosures mounted on a concrete pad, are used. A large commercial or industrial complex will have multiple distribution transformers. Rural distribution may require one transformer per customer, depending on mains voltage. Several homes may be fed from a single transformer in urban areas. The number of customers fed by a single distribution transformer varies depending on the number of customers in an area. In this case single phase distribution transformers are used. Another application is the power supply of the overhead wire of railways electrified with AC. They are often used for the power supply of facilities outside settlements, such as isolated houses, farmyards or pumping stations at voltages below 30 kV. Two three-phase transformers in Hungary Use ĭistribution transformers are normally located at a service drop, where wires run from a utility pole or underground power lines to a customer's premises.
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